Business question
A business unit closed the month 8.0% above its $500,000 operating-expense plan. Which costs caused the overage, which pressures may continue, and what should management do next?
| Cost category | Budget | Actual | Variance | Var. % | Initial driver |
|---|
| Payroll & Benefits | $245,000 | $252,000 | +$7,000 | +2.9% | Open roles filled earlier than forecast; recurring |
| Professional Services | $70,000 | $92,000 | +$22,000 | +31.4% | Implementation consulting; partly timing-related |
| Software & Technology | $65,000 | $73,000 | +$8,000 | +12.3% | License expansion; recurring |
| Facilities | $55,000 | $52,000 | −$3,000 | −5.5% | Lower maintenance spend |
| Travel & Meetings | $25,000 | $31,000 | +$6,000 | +24.0% | One-time client and implementation travel |
| Other Operating | $40,000 | $40,000 | $0 | 0.0% | On plan |
| Total | $500,000 | $540,000 | +$40,000 | +8.0% | Unfavorable |
Executive findingProfessional Services created $22,000—or 55%—of the total overage. Payroll and Software add $15,000 of potentially recurring pressure. Travel adds $6,000 but appears event-driven, while Facilities offsets the overage by $3,000.
Forecast implication
The forecast should change only for confirmed recurring drivers. Professional Services must first be reconciled to contract milestones and accrual timing. Payroll and Software require run-rate validation; Travel should not be annualized without evidence of similar future activity.
Recommended actions
- Reconcile consulting invoices to implementation milestones and the correct accounting period.
- Confirm whether Payroll reflects permanent headcount timing or a payroll-cycle effect.
- Validate software license counts and identify unused or duplicate subscriptions.
- Assign an owner and due date to each corrective action and revisit them at the next close.